Vitamin E (Tocopherol)

Vitamin E, specifically tocopherols (e.g., alpha-tocopherol), is a fat-soluble vitamin known for its antioxidant properties, [...]

Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)

Vitamin D, specifically cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for bone health, immune [...]

Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol)

Vitamin D2, known as ergocalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin critical for bone health, immune function, [...]

Vitamin D (Calcitriol)

Vitamin D, specifically its active form calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D), is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for [...]

Vitamin A (Retinol)

Vitamin A (Retinol)Vitamin A, specifically retinol and its derivatives, is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for [...]

Lactobacillus

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria within the phylum Firmicutes, [...]

Firmicutes

Firmicutes is a major phylum of Gram-positive bacteria in the human gut microbiome, typically comprising [...]

Bifidobacterium

Bifidobacterium is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria within the phylum Actinobacteria, constituting a key [...]

Bacteroidetes

Bacteroidetes is a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that are major players in the human gut [...]

T-cells (CD4+, CD8+)

T-cells, or T lymphocytes, are critical components of the adaptive immune system, orchestrating and executing [...]

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Natural Killer (NK) cells are specialized lymphocytes critical to the innate immune system, renowned for [...]

Mast cells

Mast cells are specialized immune cells critical for innate and adaptive immunity, best known for [...]

Macrophages

Macrophages are versatile white blood cells critical to both innate and adaptive immunity, acting as [...]

Dendritic cells

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized white blood cells pivotal to the immune system, acting as [...]

B-cells

B-cells, or B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell critical to the adaptive [...]