Acetyl-CoA

Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a pivotal molecule in metabolism, serving as a key hub [...]

Vasopressin (ADH)

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a peptide hormone critical for regulating water [...]

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neurotransmitter critical for social bonding, childbirth, lactation, and stress [...]

Glutathione

Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of three amino acids—glutamine, cysteine, and glycine—critical for antioxidant defense, [...]

Enkephalins

Enkephalins are small peptide neurotransmitters and hormones critical for pain modulation, mood regulation, and stress [...]

Endorphins

Endorphins are a group of peptide hormones and neurotransmitters critical for pain relief, mood regulation, [...]

Bradykinin

Bradykinin is a peptide hormone critical for regulating vasodilation, inflammation, and pain signaling. It is [...]

Angiotensin

Angiotensin is a family of peptide hormones critical for regulating blood pressure, fluid balance, and [...]

Selenocysteine

Selenocysteine is a rare, non-standard amino acid containing selenium, critical for specific proteins in humans [...]

Pyrrolysine

Pyrrolysine is a rare, non-standard amino acid primarily found in certain archaea and bacteria, where [...]

Hydroxyproline

Hydroxyproline is a non-essential amino acid derivative critical for collagen stability and connective tissue health. [...]

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that functions as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter [...]

Transferrin

Transferrin is a glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, critical for iron transport, metabolism, and homeostasis [...]

Myoglobin

Myoglobin is a heme-containing protein found in muscle tissue, critical for oxygen storage and delivery [...]

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a complex protein in red blood cells, critical for oxygen transport, carbon dioxide [...]